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Climate Change and Disaster-Induced Displacement in the Global South: A Review

Sustainable Development Goals Series, ISSN: 2523-3092, Vol: Part F2706, Page: 107-120
2022
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Book Chapter Description

Displacement, a crucial type of forced migration, has been escalating due to rapid climate change and increased disaster risk over the last several decades. Between 2008 and 2018, 265 million people were displaced from their place of origin due to disasters. Out of this, more than 85% of the displacement resulted from weather- and climate-related disasters like floods, severe rains associated with El Nino, droughts, bushfires, cyclones, etc. Disaster-induced displacements affect both developed and developing countries, with a global average of 24 million displacements every year (2008–2018). In 2019 alone, 33.4 million people migrated due to disasters, with those affected by weather- and climate-induced disasters standing at 24.9 million. The study of climate change- and disaster-induced displacement (CCDID), however, becomes more significant in terms of the Global South as it witnessed approximately 89% of these displacements (2018–2019). The Asia-Pacific and Sub-Saharan region, in particular, experienced more than 85% of it. Perhaps, this occurred due to lack of proper preparedness in terms of emergency response, mitigation plan, technology invested, and awareness among people. This study aims to provide a review of literature and briefly shed light on the disaster risk pattern, emergency response system, mitigation plan, technology use, and awareness on CCDID in the Global South. The main objective is to build a better understanding of the concept of displacement and the dynamics of climate change, disasters, and displacement and to provide an analysis of human displacement trends, temporal and spatial, with reference to the Global South, along with suggesting ways to minimize post-disaster and post-displacement losses.

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