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Preoperative preparation in pediatric anesthesia

Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, ISSN: 1433-0474, Vol: 168, Issue: 12, Page: 1087-1098
2020
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Review Description

The preoperative preparation of children who have to undergo anesthesia includes two essential aspects: the individual anesthesia risk is evaluated by means of a detailed patient history and clinical examination in order to adjust the anesthesiological measures accordingly. Diseases and risk factors that play a major role in childhood are, above all, respiratory tract impairments, including respiratory tract infections and asthma as well as neuromuscular diseases. Trend setting studies from the last few years enabled clear evidence-based recommendations to be derived as to which anesthesiological measures should be discussed in advance in these children and are indicated. Instrumental and laboratory diagnostics are usually not required in healthy children without any indications in the medical history, small or medium-sized operations and findings that would influence the anesthesiological procedure are not to be expected. In addition to the medical aspects, however, the preoperative preparation also plays a very important role in passing on information to the family, explaining the upcoming measures in a child-oriented and family-oriented manner and creating trust in order to reduce fears in advance and initiate an optimal course of action.

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