Tolerance and cross-tolerance to neurocognitive effects of THC and alcohol in heavy cannabis users
Psychopharmacology, ISSN: 0033-3158, Vol: 214, Issue: 2, Page: 391-401
2011
- 147Citations
- 221Captures
- 5Mentions
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Metrics Details
- Citations147
- Citation Indexes135
- 135
- CrossRef54
- Policy Citations12
- Policy Citation12
- Captures221
- Readers221
- 221
- Mentions5
- News Mentions4
- News4
- Blog Mentions1
- Blog1
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Article Description
Introduction: Previous research has shown that heavy cannabis users develop tolerance to the impairing effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on neurocognitive functions. Animal studies suggest that chronic cannabis consumption may also produce cross-tolerance for the impairing effects of alcohol, but supportive data in humans is scarce. Purpose: The present study was designed to assess tolerance and cross-tolerance to the neurocognitive effects of THC and alcohol in heavy cannabis users. Methods: Twenty-one heavy cannabis users participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way study. Subjects underwent three alcohol-dosing conditions that were designed to achieve a steady blood alcohol concentration of about 0, 0.5, and 0.7 mg/ml during a 5-h time window. In addition, subjects smoked a THC cigarette (400 μg/kg) at 3 h post-onset of alcohol dosing during every alcohol condition. Performance tests were conducted repeatedly between 0 and 7 h after onset of drinking and included measures of perceptual motor control (critical tracking task), dual task processing (divided-attention task), motor inhibition (stop-signal task), and cognition (Tower of London). Results: Alcohol significantly impaired critical tracking, divided attention, and stop-signal performance. THC generally did not affect task performance. However, combined effects of THC and alcohol on divided attention were bigger than those by alcohol alone. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study generally confirms that heavy cannabis users develop tolerance to the impairing effects of THC on neurocognitive task performance. Yet, heavy cannabis users did not develop cross-tolerance to the impairing effects of alcohol, and the presence of the latter even selectively potentiated THC effects on measures of divided attention. © 2010 The Author(s).
Bibliographic Details
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=79952282181&origin=inward; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-2042-1; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21049267; http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00213-010-2042-1; https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-2042-1; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-010-2042-1
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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