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The macular findings on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in premature infants with or without retinopathy of prematurity

International Ophthalmology, ISSN: 1573-2630, Vol: 36, Issue: 4, Page: 591-600
2016
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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Macula in Adults With a History of Preterm Birth

The acute phase of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) occurs in infancy; however, sequelae of ROP is lifelong. The incidence of ocular diseases, including high refractive error, strabismus, cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal detachment, is higher in children with a history of ROP, even after proper treatment.1–3 Optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies have shown that eyes with ROP may have several

Article Description

The purpose of the study was to present spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in premature infants with or without mild-to-severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Seventy-two infants born <37 weeks of gestation were analyzed, prospectively. Group 1 (n = 18) included infants without ROP. Infants with stage 1, 2, or 3 ROP without indication for treatment formed the second group (n = 15). Group 3 (n = 21) included threshold cases, who would receive laser photocoagulation (LPC) after OCT examinations. Group 4 (n = 18) had already received LPC. The mean central foveal thickness (CFT) (μm) in right eyes was 194.27 ± 19.93, 207.67 ± 25.44, 224.29 ± 21.42, and 222.00 ± 37.80, for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (p = 0.01). The presence of a well-formed foveal pit was documented in 60 % of right and 67 % of left eyes in group 1, while a well-formed foveal pit was observed in 14 % of right and 16 % of left eyes in group 3 (p < 0.05). Cystoid macular edema (CME) was shown in 29 % of right and 21 % of left eyes in group 3 (p < 0.05 for right eyes). CME was observed in two of right and left eyes in group 4. Epiretinal membrane (ERM) was shown in one right eye in group 3, two right and four left eyes in group 4 (p < 0.05 for left eyes). Thicker CFT, CME, and failure of a well-formed foveal pit could be related to the severity of ROP. The development of ERM could be the consequence of LPC.

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