Ammonia upregulates kynurenine aminotransferase II mRNA expression in rat brain: A role for astrocytic NMDA receptors?
Metabolic Brain Disease, ISSN: 0885-7490, Vol: 28, Issue: 2, Page: 161-165
2013
- 17Citations
- 27Captures
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Metrics Details
- Citations17
- Citation Indexes17
- 17
- CrossRef8
- Captures27
- Readers27
- 27
Conference Paper Description
Kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT-II) is the astrocytic enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous inhibitor of the α7-nicotinic receptor and the NMDA receptor (NMDAr). A previous study demonstrated an increase of KYNA synthesis in the brain of rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver failure. Here we show that TAA administration increases KAT-II expression in the rat cerebral cortex and the effect is mimicked in cerebral cortical astrocytes in culture treated with high (5 mM) concentration of ammonia. KAT-II expression in control and TAA-treated rats was increased by NMDAr antagonist memantine, and the effects of TAA and memantine appeared additive. In astrocytes, the NMDAr antagonist MK-801 raised KAT-II expression as well, while NMDA added alone had no effect. Glutamate decreased KAT-II mRNA level, which was attenuated by MK-801. The results suggest that stimulation of KAT-II expression during hepatic encephalopathy may be associated with a partial inactivation of astrocytic NMDAr by ammonia. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84878019912&origin=inward; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-012-9353-3; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23132651; http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11011-012-9353-3; https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-012-9353-3; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11011-012-9353-3
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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