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CD4 T cell help prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion and promotes control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Cell Reports, ISSN: 2211-1247, Vol: 36, Issue: 11, Page: 109696
2021
  • 92
    Citations
  • 7
    Usage
  • 120
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  • 2
    Mentions
  • 1
    Social Media
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Article Description

CD4 T cells are essential for immunity to tuberculosis because they produce cytokines, including interferon-γ. Whether CD4 T cells act as “helper” cells to promote optimal CD8 T cell responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis is unknown. Using two independent models, we show that CD4 T cell help enhances CD8 effector functions and prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion. We demonstrate synergy between CD4 and CD8 T cells in promoting the survival of infected mice. Purified helped, but not helpless, CD8 T cells efficiently restrict intracellular bacterial growth in vitro. Thus, CD4 T cell help plays an essential role in generating protective CD8 T cell responses against M. tuberculosis infection in vitro and in vivo. We infer vaccines that elicit both CD4 and CD8 T cells are more likely to be successful than vaccines that elicit only CD4 or CD8 T cells.

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