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Dietary nano-selenium alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal damage through affecting intestinal antioxidant capacity and microbiota in rainbow trout (O ncorhynchus mykiss )

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, ISSN: 1050-4648, Vol: 133, Page: 108537
2023
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Reports Outline Nanoselenium Study Findings from Gansu Agricultural University [Dietary Nano-selenium Alleviates Heat Stress-induced Intestinal Damage Through Affecting Intestinal Antioxidant Capacity and Microbiota In Rainbow Trout ...]

2023 MAR 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Nanotech Daily -- Current study results on Nanotechnology - Nanoselenium have been published.

Article Description

Heat stress-induced intestinal damage is a key event in fish pathology. Nano-selenium (nano-Se) shows remarkably high biological activity and low toxicity, making it an ideal and ecological Se formulation; however, to date, the protective effects of nano-Se against heat stress-induced intestinal injury and pertinent molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were fed either a basal diet or basal diet + 5 mg/kg nano-Se. Samples were collected before (18 °C for 9 days; CG18 and Se18 groups) and after (24 °C for 8 h; CG24 and Se24 groups) heat stress treatment. On heat stress exposure, intestinal villus height, muscularis thickness, and goblet cell number decreased, and expression of tight junction proteins ( ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-8d ) was downregulated; dietary supplementation with nano-Se alleviated these effects. Furthermore, in the presence of nano-Se, catalase activity was elevated, and expression of diverse heat shock proteins ( Hsp70b, Hsp90α, and Hsp30 ), selenoproteins ( Gpx1a, Gpx1b1, and Trx ), and anti-inflammatory cytokine ( TGF-β ) was upregulated. In contrast, nano-Se supplementation significantly alleviated the increase of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( IL-1β and TNF-α ) and the malondialdehyde content. We also observed that heat stress markedly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Methylobacterium, Akkermansia, and Deinococcus and decreased that of Proteobacteria ; nano-Se supplementation restored these changes, making their distribution similar to that in the control group. Overall, our findings suggest that nano-Se plays a protective role against heat stress-induced intestinal damage in rainbow trout by promoting the recovery of antioxidant enzyme activity, enhancing protein repair, alleviating inflammatory responses, and restoring intestinal microbiota composition.

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