Clinical and immune evolution in neurological/psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Neurology Perspectives, ISSN: 2667-0496, Vol: 5, Issue: 2, Page: 100189
2025
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Example: if you select the 1-year option for an article published in 2019 and a metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019. If you select the 3-year option for the same article published in 2019 and the metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Citation Benchmarking is provided by Scopus and SciVal and is different from the metrics context provided by PlumX Metrics.
Article Description
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disastrous impact on the world's population. Its effects were mainly respiratory, but resulting neurological damage has also been described. In this context, we evaluated the effects of COVID-19 on the subjective perception of neurological and psychiatric symptoms in patients with pre-pandemic neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as the possible association between the evolution of these symptoms and immunological factors. A cohort of neurological/psychiatric patients with (n = 99) or without (n = 42) a history of COVID-19 was included. Inclusion took place 7 months after COVID-19 infection, and follow-up was performed 14 months after inclusion. At both assessments, included subjects were asked whether they considered their neurological/psychiatric symptoms to be stable, worsened or improved compared with the situation before COVID-19, or compared with the first assessment. A blood sample of all subjects was taken at both assessments to determine levels of several cytokines. A worsening of neurological/psychiatric symptoms was reported by 36.9% of patients, when comparing the situation at follow-up with that prior to COVID-19. Comparing with controls, patients with history of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, and patients with a history of symptomatic COVID-19 presented a significant higher level of IL-10. IFN-γ was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity, and its decrease during follow-up was associated with improvement of neurological/psychiatric symptoms in neurological patients with a history of COVID-19, but not in control patients. More than 35% of included neuropsychiatric patients have reported worsening of symptoms after non-severe COVID-19. IFN-γ seems to be a marker linked to COVID-19 pathogeny and its evaluation might be useful for monitoring affected patients. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto desastroso en la población mundial. Sus efectos fueron principalmente respiratorios, pero también se han descrito daños neurológicos. En este contexto, evaluamos los efectos de la COVID-19 sobre la percepción subjetiva de síntomas neurológicos y psiquiátricos en pacientes con enfermedades neuropsiquiátricas prepandémicas, así como la posible asociación entre la evolución de estos síntomas y factores inmunológicos. Se incluyó una cohorte de pacientes neurológicos/psiquiátricos con (n = 99) o sin (n = 42) antecedentes de COVID-19. La inclusión se realizó 7 meses después de la infección por COVID-19 y el seguimiento se realizó a los 14 meses después de la inclusión. En ambas evaluaciones, se preguntó a los sujetos incluidos si consideraban que sus síntomas neurológicos/psiquiátricos eran estables, empeorados o mejorados en comparación con la situación antes de COVID-19, o en comparación con la primera evaluación. En ambas evaluaciones se tomó una muestra de sangre de todos los sujetos para determinar los niveles de varias citocinas. El 36,9% de los pacientes informó un empeoramiento de sus síntomas neurológicos/psiquiátricos, al comparar la situación en la evaluación de seguimiento con la situación previa a la COVID-19. En comparación con los controles, los pacientes con antecedentes de COVID-19 tenían niveles significativamente más altos de IL-6 e IFN-γ, y los pacientes con antecedentes de COVID-19 sintomático presentaban un nivel significativamente más alto de IL-10. El IFN-γ se asoció significativamente con la gravedad de la COVID-19, y su disminución durante el seguimiento se asoció con la mejora de los síntomas neurológicos/psiquiátricos en pacientes neurológicos con antecedentes de COVID-19, pero no en los pacientes control. Más del 35% de los pacientes neuropsiquiátricos incluidos han experimentado un empeoramiento de sus síntomas después de una COVID-19 no grave. El IFN-γ parece ser un marcador vinculado a la patogenia de la COVID-19 y su evaluación podría ser útil para el seguimiento de los pacientes afectados.
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