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Therapy of Cancer Metastasis by Systemic Activation of Macrophages

Advances in Pharmacology, ISSN: 1054-3589, Vol: 30, Issue: C, Page: 271-326
1994
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Article Description

During the past decade, the role of macrophages in host defense against cancer has attracted considerable attention. This interest stems in part from data showing that monocytes-macrophages can become activated to lyse tumor cells under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. This chapter discusses the molecular events that regulate the process of macrophage activation to recognize and destroy tumorigenic cells, the methods to achieve reproducible systemic activation of macrophages, and findings from preclinical and clinical studies of macrophage activation in cancer treatment protocols. These data suggest that the integration of systemic macrophage activation into multimodality treatment protocols can improve the survival of patients with metastatic cancer. The heterogeneous nature of neoplasms and the developed treatment resistance of variant cells imply that the successful therapy of disseminated cancer must include a modality that can overcome these obstacles. The systemic activation of macrophages with liposomes containing biological agents can meet these challenges. Tumoricidal macrophages selectively bind to and destroy malignant cells in vitro and in vivo while leaving nonneoplastic cells unharmed. Moreover, macrophage-mediated lysis of tumor cells is not associated with the development of significant tumor cell resistance.

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