Supermassive Black Holes may be Limited by the Holographic Bound
General Relativity and Gravitation, ISSN: 0001-7701, Vol: 35, Issue: 8, Page: 1337-1349
2003
- 4Citations
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Example: if you select the 1-year option for an article published in 2019 and a metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019. If you select the 3-year option for the same article published in 2019 and the metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Citation Benchmarking is provided by Scopus and SciVal and is different from the metrics context provided by PlumX Metrics.
Metrics Details
- Citations4
- Citation Indexes4
- CrossRef3
Article Description
Supermassive Black Holes are the most entropic objects found in the universe. The Holographic Bound (HB) to the entropy is used to constrain their formation time with initial masses ∼ 10 M, as inferred from observations. We find that the entropy considerations are more limiting than causality for this "direct" formation. Later we analyze the possibility of SMBHs growing from seed black holes. The growth of the initial mass is studied in the case of accretion of pure radiation and quintessence fields, and we find that there is a class of models that may allow this metamorphosis. Our analysis generalizes recent work for some models of quintessence capable of producing a snbstantial growth in a short time, while simultaneously obeying the causal and Holographic Bound limits.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=0345867151&origin=inward; http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1024522332208; http://link.springer.com/10.1023/A:1024522332208; http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1024522332208.pdf; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024522332208/fulltext.html; http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a%3A1024522332208; https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a%3A1024522332208; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024522332208
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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