Impact of the Stratospheric Ozone on the Northern Hemisphere Surface Climate During Boreal Winter
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, ISSN: 2169-8996, Vol: 126, Issue: 17
2021
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Article Description
In this study, we examine the impact of stratospheric ozone on the Northern Hemisphere (NH) surface climate during boreal winter by analyzing the two experiments using Global/Regional Integrated Model system-Chemistry Climate Model (GRIMs-CCM) (i.e., LINOZ-on/-off experiments) and eight Atmosphere Model Inter-comparison Project (AMIP) climate models. In LINOZ-on, ozone concentration in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) varies with latitudes, being low in the tropics and high in the mid-to-high-latitudes, by adopting a linearized ozone scheme. The LINOZ-off, however, prescribes constant ozone concentration throughout all latitudes. Cooler surface temperatures over the Eurasian and Asian continents in boreal winter are simulated in LINOZ-on than that in LINOZ-off. A reduced mean UTLS temperature gradient in LINOZ-on, due to the difference of climatological mean ozone concentration, causes a weakened mean zonal wind in the lower stratosphere compared to the LINOZ-off. This mean wind difference is extended all the way to the surface, resulting in a negative Arctic Oscillation (AO)-like mean state in the mid-to-high latitudes in the LINOZ-on. Subsequently, it causes cool surface temperatures over the Eurasian and Asian continents by altering horizontal winds. This result is also supported by the comparison between AMIP models with a relatively high and low stratospheric ozone concentration in the mid-to-high latitudes. Therefore, a careful attention should be paid to the climatology of stratospheric ozone concentration in climate models to correctly simulate surface climate in the NH in the past and future climate.
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