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Insights into Melanoma Fibroblast Populations and Therapeutic Strategy Perspectives: Friends or Foes?

Current Medicinal Chemistry, ISSN: 1875-533X, Vol: 29, Issue: 40, Page: 6159-6168
2022
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Article Description

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive and highly metastatic solid tumor associated with drug resistance. Before 2011, despite therapies based on cytokines or molecules inhibiting DNA synthesis, metastatic melanoma led to patient death within 18 months from diagnosis. However, recent studies on bidirectional interactions between melanoma cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) have had a significant impact on the development of new therapeutic strategies represented by targeted therapy and im-munotherapy. In particular, the heterogeneous stromal fibroblast populations, including fi-broblasts, fibroblast aggregates, myofibroblasts, and melanoma associated fibroblasts (MAFs), represent the most abundant cell population of TME and regulate cancer growth differently. Therefore, in this perspective article, we have highlighted the different impacts of fibroblast populations on cancer development and growth. In particular, we focused on the role of MAFs in sustaining melanoma cell survival, proliferation, migration and invasion, drug resistance, and immunoregulation. The important role of constitutive-ly activated MAFs in promoting CM growth and immunoediting makes this cell type a promising target for cancer therapy.

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