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Effects of a snake α neurotoxin on the development of innervated skeletal muscles in chick embryo

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN: 0027-8424, Vol: 70, Issue: 6, Page: 1708-1712
1973
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Article Description

The evolution of the cholinergic (nicotinic) receptor in chick muscles was monitored during embryonic development with a tritiated α neurotoxin from Naja nigricollis and compared with the appearance of acetylcholinesterase. The specific activity of these 2 proteins reached a maximum around the 12th day of incubation. By contrast, choline acetyltransferase reached an early maximum of specific activity around the 7th day of development, and later increased continuously until hatching. Injection of α toxin in the yolk sac at early stages of development caused an atrophy of skeletal and extrinsic ocular muscles and of their innervation. In 16 day embryos treated by the α toxin, the endplates revealed by the Koelle reaction were almost completely absent. The total content and specific activities of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase in atrophic muscles were markedly reduced.

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