The Cross - cultural impacts on technology entrepreneurship: a comparative case study between France and Tunisia: toward a technology park development transfer index

The change in economic and manageria l direct ions in recent years has led into questions about the context of entrepreneurship on the light of the radical change in the g lobal econo my and the development of science and technology. These have opened up new opportunities and restated the principles of prosperity based on a new vision of a global economy. Porter (1990, 1998a , 1998b) made fa mous the global co mpetition strategy (i.e. the competitive advantage of nations) by recognizing that clustering strategy lead to gain a competitive advantage in a globalized economy. The transition fro m macro to micro level, induced by technological advances, resulted in a revised competitive strategy with a global scope (Porter and Stern, 1999). Competition is now based on the concept of global city regions (Scott, 2001). Econo mic opportunities associated with technology parks has become global because of the high added value provided by the ICT industry. Several authors suggested criteria’s by which an area creates attractive environment for technology entrepreneurs, (Saxenian & al 2001; Florida, 2002a , 2002b; Kenney and Vburg, 1999). These ICT incubator areas reflect and focus on human skills (Venkatara man, 2004; Bernhard, 2007). Based in the fact that innovation location and technology entrepreneurship process are interlinked to talents and competencies then location of the technology parks can impact their success (Steve, 2007; Saxenian & al, 2001; Srinivas and Scott, 2002; Athreye, 2002, Francis & al, 2003; Aavari & a l, 2004).