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Propelling the Future Biofuel Research: Plant Breeding, Genomics and Genetic Engineering Strategies for a Cleaner Environment

Strategies and Tools for Pollutant Mitigation: Research Trends in Developing Nations, Page: 129-150
2022
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Book Chapter Description

Substitution of fossil fuel with biofuel produced from crop biomass has the prospect to hugely contribute to meeting rising energy demands and mitigating air pollution. Current research interventions for biofuel production are focused on transforming plant biomass into alternate nonrenewable liquid fuels. The foremost constraints for biofuel production include lack of domestication of biofuel crops, limited oil yield from crop plants, and recalcitrance of lignocellulose breakdown by a chemical and enzymatic process. Scientists are exploiting the genetic and genomic resources available for crop improvement, elucidating the gene cascades for lipid metabolism to manipulate fatty acid metabolic pathways and explicate plant cell walls synthesis and assemblage. None of the present and probable crops have been domesticated or bred for higher polysaccharides or oil recovery for biofuel production. Due to this reason, biofuel research is targeted towards understanding the genetic architecture of plant biomass traits that need to be improved to optimize crops for efficient biofuel production.

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