Urology

Emergencies of the urogenital system are examined in this chapter starting from the kidneys to emergencies of the male genitalia. Many of these are associated with extreme pain and will bypass the outpatient clinic; however, sometimes they will appear urgently or via a phone message to the clinician. Nephrolithiasis is extremely common and will occasionally be encountered in the primary care setting. As with all body systems, infections in locations that are anatomically confined and poorly accessible to immunologic defenses are prone to emergent complications such as Fournier’s gangrene and prostatitis. When dealing with emergencies pertaining to male genitals such as testicular torsion, priapism and penile fracture, prompt effective management is extremely important as sexual and reproductive functions are at stake. Late complications of procedures and surgeries are covered briefly at the end of the chapter.