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High-Resolution Palynostratigraphy and Palynofacies of the Upper Cretaceous and K/Pg Boundary, SE Sirt Basin, Libya: A Case Study

Advances in Science, Technology and Innovation, ISSN: 2522-8722, Page: 109-179
2023
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  • Citations
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    12
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Book Chapter Description

Very rich, diverse and exquisitely preserved palynological material including dinocysts, sporomorphs, prasinophytes, acritarchs and freshwater algae have been recognised from the study of Upper Cretaceous-early Paleocene section in the C3-65 Well, southeast Sirt Basin, Libya. Tens of well-preserved new varieties of dinocysts have been recorded and kept in open nomenclatures for the time being. Reworked Palaeozoic acritarchs and miospores are also recorded. Twenty-five stratigraphically and environmentally controlled palynomorphs associations are recognised and range in age from late Cenomanian to late Danian. Age determinations were based solely on palynomorph content for the earliest sixteen associations and on integrated palynomorphs and calcareous nannofossils data for the late associations. Based on integration of the recorded palynological components, the Etel Formation has been assigned to Late Cretaceous, late Cenomanian–Turonian; Rachmat Formation to late Turonian-late Campanian; Tagrift Formation to late Campanian-early Maastrichtian; Sirte Shale Formation to late Maastrichtian, and the lower part of the Hagfa Shale to Early Palaeocene, late Danian age. Eleven main palaeo-environmentally, controlled palynofacies including brackish swamp, estuarine, aerobic and dysaerobic marine, very restricted marine, and fully open-marine conditions are recognised based on integration between the different types of organic matter components and their preservation on one hand, and on available nannofossil data across the K/Pg boundary on the other. The investigated organic matters are of good quality and quantity, but it is proved to be immature to marginally mature, whereas in the deeper part of the basin to the north of the study area is known to be mature to over mature and is thus a good source rock.

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