New Ventilatory Modes in Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Key Topics and Clinical Implications

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and relatively under-diagnosed sleep disorder associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The mainstay treatment of OSA is positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. PAP therapy rectifies various manifestations of sleep-disordered breathing, including obstructive respiratory events. Randomized controlled trials indicate that PAP therapy could successfully improve several clinical manifestations of sleep-disordered breathing. PAP therapy intends to achieve the ideal treatment method to remove recurrent respiratory obstructions that adversely affect patients’ health. The methods of titrating PAP differ according to the severity of respiratory events, their association with hypoventilation, and ventilatory mode. PAP therapy and its clinical applications have witnessed new developments in the past decade. This chapter reviews the latest advancements in PAP therapy modes and their role in improving different respiratory events during sleep.