Terrestrial reptiles and amphibians of the United Arab Emirates

Among the diverse habitats of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), 60 terrestrial reptiles and 2 amphibian species have been recorded, of which 1 is endemic to the country, 59 are native and 3 are introduced. The highest diversity is in the northeast of the country and the highest level of endemism is within the Hajar Mountains which are shared between Oman and UAE. The only UAE endemic vertebrate is the Emirati Leaf-toed Gecko, which along with 13 other reptile species is endemic to Hajar Mountains (Oman and UAE). Despite development being considered as the largest threat to terrestrial reptiles and over utilization of surface freshwater for amphibians, many of the widespread species have benefited from the protection provided by the protected areas distributed across the country. Species with restricted or fragmented distribution ranges require additional conservation efforts.