Ophtalmological Pathology and Management of Ocular Disease in Retinal Metabolic Phacomatosis

Amaurosis fugax is caused by carotid disease (the most common cause of Amaurosis fugax in elderly patients). Obstruction of the retinal central artery (CRAO) is an absolute ophthalmological emergency. Treatment need to be institute immediately, local and invasive procedures. Branch retinal artery occlusion (the temporal retinal vessels) has clinical signs located in the sector of arterial obstruction. Retinal venous occlusive by obstruction of the retinal central vein has two forms: CRVO non-ischemic 75–80% and CRVO ischemic 20–25% associated with severe vision reduction. Current treatment of CRVO requires the use of fibrinolytic agents and antiVEGF medication, panretinal laser photocoagulation by the ischemic territories, treatment of glaucoma. Diabetic retinopathy DR is a complication of diabetes, the leading cause of blindness and possible complication: intravitreal hemorrages, fibrovascular membranes, tractional RD, neovascularisation, macular edema. Diabetic maculopathy is a most common cause of vision lost in DR. Treatment of DR: intravitreal VEGF, photocoagulation laser, as needed posterior vitrectomy. Retinopathy of prematurity VRO is a vasoproliferative retinopathy that occur in premature infants, with evolutions stadial (5). Is necessary prophylaxis by early detection of ROP stage and curative treatment is laser and cryotherapy, vitrectomy with and without lensectomy. Eales disease is an obliterative idiopathic, bilateral, asymmetric, retinal, vasculopathy, affecting the peripheral retina in the young adult male. Phacomatosis are hereditary conditions (apart from Sturge-Weber, Wyburg-Masson syndrome). They are characterised by the simultaneous damage to the eye, skin, and CNS.