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Metallothionein-and Phytochelatin-Assisted Mechanism of Heavy Metal Detoxification in Microalgae

Approaches to the Remediation of Inorganic Pollutants, Page: 323-344
2021
  • 24
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 32
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 0
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

  • Citations
    24
    • Citation Indexes
      24
  • Captures
    32

Book Chapter Description

Microalgae are aquatic photosynthetic organisms accomplished with an ability to differentiate between essential and nonessential metal ions for their growth. This selective approach makes them the most suitable candidate for heavy metal removal from contaminated wastewaters. The different detoxification mechanisms executed by microalgae involve biosorption and bioaccumulation. With particular emphasis on bioaccumulation, the present chapter highlights the role of metallothionein and phytochelatins in heavy metal detoxification. These peptides are synthesized to chelate heavy metal ions and assist compartmentalization of this peptide-metal complex in cell organelles of microalgae. The present chapter covers the biosynthesis and regulation of metallothionein/phytochelatins in microalgae as a response to different heavy metals. The application of an individual or integrated omics approach revealing the detoxification mechanism in microalgae is also reviewed. In a nutshell, the chapter will provide a comprehensive understanding of the adaptive mechanism of this scintillating microorganism for mitigating heavy metals in order of priority to clean the environment.

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