Multi-layer Uneven Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks need simple and effective algorithms to promote the lifetime of these energy limit networks. This article proposed a clustering algorithm: MLUC. We divide the whole network into several layers, and each layer is divided into a number of clusters. A cluster head receive data in the cluster, forwards the data to other cluster head in another layer. Cluster heads forward data one by one and send data to sink node at last. From the perspective of reducing the forwarded data energy consumption of cluster heads, we resolve the number and size of layers. Each layer is divided into a number of clusters. From the perspective of minimizing energy consumption including data awareness, sending, receiving and other energy consumption in a layer, the number of clusters in a layer is determined. Because the cluster numbers of layers are not the same, area covered by a cluster is different to balance the energy consumption in different layers. Simulation results show that the algorithm can prolong the lifetime of networks which are unable to obtain node residual energy and location.