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Dosage compensation of sex-linked genes in Drosophila melanogaster - The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in flies with normal and disturbed genetic balance

MGG Molecular & General Genetics, ISSN: 1617-4623, Vol: 126, Issue: 3, Page: 233-245
1973
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  • Citations
    22
    • Citation Indexes
      22
  • Captures
    1

Article Description

The phenomenon of dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster which consists in doubling of the activity of the X-chromosome genes in males as compared to those in females was studied. The specific activities of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) determined by the sex-linked structural genes Pgd and Zw respectively were studied in flies carrying duplications for different regions of the X-chromosome. The increase in dose of Pgd and Zw in females resulting from the addition of an extra X-chromosome or X-fragments leads to a proportional rise in the specific activities of 6PGD and G6PD. On the other had the addition to females of the X-chromosome carrying no Pgd gene or X-fragments lacking Pgd and Zw has no effect on the enzyme activities. Thus we failed to reveal in the X-chromosome any compensatory genes envisaged by Muller, which would repress sex-linked structural genes proportional to their dose. The 6PGD and G6PD levels in phenotypically male-like intersexes carrying two X-chromosomes and three autosome sets (2X3A) is 30% higher than in diploid (2X2A) or triploid (3X3A) females. However the specific activities of the enzymes in female-like intersexes are the same as in regular females. The levels of 6PGD and G6PD per one X-chromosome are 1.5-2.0 times higher in the intersexes than in the normal females and metafemales (3X2A). The results indicate that the level of expression of the X-chromosome is determined by the X:A ratio. It is suggested that the decreased X:A ratio in males is responsible for the hyperactivation of their X-chromosomes. © 1973 Springer-Verlag.

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