PlumX Metrics
Embed PlumX Metrics

GDF-15: A novel serum marker for metastases in uveal melanoma patients

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, ISSN: 0721-832X, Vol: 250, Issue: 6, Page: 887-895
2012
  • 40
    Citations
  • 0
    Usage
  • 30
    Captures
  • 0
    Mentions
  • 0
    Social Media
Metric Options:   Counts1 Year3 Year

Metrics Details

Article Description

Background: About 50% of patients with uveal melanoma (UM) develop metastases during the course of their disease. We analyzed serum levels of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), with the aim of identifying patients with early metastases. Methods: GDF-15 concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 188 UM patients (170 patients without metastases; 18 patients with clinically detectable metastases) and 18 healthy control individuals. Data were analyzed with respect to differences between patients with and without clinically detectable UM metastases. GDF-15 serum levels were further analyzed with regard to significant patient and tumor characteristics as revealed by histology and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to determine chromosome 3 copy number. GDF-15 expression in UM was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Patients with clinically detectable metastases had significantly higher GDF-15 serum levels compared to those without clinically detectable metastases as well as to healthy individuals (ANOVA; p<0.001). GDF-15 concentrations in UM patients with overt clinically detectable metastases were significantly higher than those in UM patients with a second malignancy in remission but without clinically detected UM metastases (ANOVA; p<0.001). No association between serum concentration of GDF-15 and clinical, pathological, and genetic features was observed. GDF-15 protein was only expressed in a minority of UM cells in most tumors. Conclusions: Our data suggest that GDF-15 can be used as a serum marker for the diagnosis of metastases in UM patients. Further data collection and analysis are necessary to evaluate a possible prognostic role of GDF-15 in predicting early metastases. © Springer-Verlag 2011.

Provide Feedback

Have ideas for a new metric? Would you like to see something else here?Let us know