Mycoses in the elderly

Infections with dermatophytes are more prevalent in the elderly than in non-elderly adults; risk factors include local trophic disturbances, underlying diseases such as diabetes and a reduced oxygen supply due to diminished blood circulation. Vaginal mycoses are seldom found. In systemic yeast infections in patients of advanced age, Candida glabrata plays a relatively important role. The dimorphic fungus Coccidioides immitis is more prevalent in the elderly in endemic areas. Although there is no higher susceptibility to moulds in this age group, there are certain situations increasing the risk. The manifestations and symptoms of infection often differ from those of younger patients, which may hamper diagnosis. Deficits in organ function may influence the antifungal drug therapy. Preventive measures such as altering the social environment, avoiding malnutrition, as well as efforts to retard immunosenescence and to improve hygiene are important. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.