Assessing hazards induced vulnerability in coastal districts of India using site-specific indicators: an integrated approach

Coastal districts of India being diverse in nature are under constant vulnerability to hazards. The article analyzes vulnerability as a function of exposure, sensitivity and adaptation capacity. We selected site-specific factors of exposure, sensitivity and adaptation for constructing the composite vulnerability index. Findings revealed very high and high vulnerability in the eastern coastal districts while western coastal districts experienced moderate and low vulnerability. High frequency of cyclone and storm surge, low socio-economic status and lack of basic amenities and facilities were found significant stressors for increasing vulnerability in coastal districts. Composite vulnerability index not only helped in analyzing causative factors of vulnerability but also proved to be an effective tool in identifying priority districts where efforts could be made to lessen vulnerability. The study calls for policy measures to reduce vulnerability and safeguard the coastal communities from the risk of disasters.