Structural and functional applications of 3D-printed graphene-based architectures

Based on the huge potential of graphene-based composites in electrical, thermal and mechanical applications, which have been widely used in electronics, energy storage and conversion, sensors and structural composites, the assembly and three-dimensional (3D) configuration of graphene nanosheets is an important routine to realize and even optimize its excellent properties. Considering the anisotropy of two-dimensional (2D) graphene and the accuracy of 3D architecture, 3D printing technology stands out in the preparation of periodic and diversified 3D graphene due to its efficient and controllable construction process. Moreover, the interconnected graphene conductive network and lightweight structural regulation can realize the integration of structure and function from low-dimensional to multidimensional. In these circumstances, the structural design and related functional applications of the printed graphene-based architecture are reviewed, and it is important to understand the inks properties, macro-microstructural regulation and corresponding application prospects. Besides, a summary and outlook is prepared in the last part, which points out the application difficulties and future development of 3D-printed graphene-based architecture.