Numerical modeling of turbulent behavior of nanomaterial exergy loss and flow through a circular channel

To understand the impacts of adding twisted tape inside the tube with hybrid nanomaterial, the present paper has been examined with considering FVM. New testing fluid instead of water leads to lower exergy loss. Modeling outputs were carried out for different pitch ratio and Reynolds number. Decrement trend for secondary flow was reported when pitch ratio increases, and for this reason, convective flow reduces with rise of P which results in greater exergy drop. Turbulence intensity improves with augment of Re which provides stronger interaction of nanomaterial and tube wall. So, thinner boundary layer appears with rise of Re and exergy loss deteriorates.