Studies on the breather solutions for the (2+ 1) -dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluids and plasmas
Nonlinear Dynamics, ISSN: 1573-269X, Vol: 106, Issue: 3, Page: 2485-2495
2021
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Article Description
In this paper, we study the (2 + 1) -dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, which has certain applications in fluids and plasmas. Via the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction, we derive two types of the breather solutions in terms of Gramian. Based on the first type breather solutions, we observe the breathers and periodic waves, while we observe the breathers and solitons according to the second type breather solutions. Taking the long-wave limits technique for the first type breather solutions, we derive semi-rational and rational solutions. The semi-rational solutions describe the interactions between the rogue waves/lumps and breathers, while the rational solutions give birth to the rogue waves and lumps.
Bibliographic Details
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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