Quantum sealed-bid auction protocol with post-confirmation based on blind signature

Quantum sealed-bid auction protocol with post-confirmation is the one that ensures the fairness of the auction by verifying whether there is cheating after the winner is announced. To guarantee fairness, it is necessary to have both privacy and public verification simultaneously. In this paper, we make a first attempt to use the blind feature of the information in the blind signature to protect the bids’ privacy and use two-state vector formalism to achieve public verification. Compared to previous quantum sealed-bid auction schemes, the utilization of these techniques gives our scheme a novel and distinctive quantum flavor. Through analysis and comparison, our scheme can resist malicious bidder attacks as well as collusive attacks. In addition, the efficiency of our scheme is also considerable. Participants only need to prepare EPR states, not complex multi-particle entangled states, and even the auctioneer can be purely classical.