Determination of NF-κB and RANKL levels in peripheral blood osteoclast precursor cells in chronic kidney disease patients

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by irreversible loss of functional nephron mass due to variety of causes; an inevitable complication of CKD is metabolic bone disease, and this pathology is called as renal osteodystrophy (ROD). In this study, we aimed to determine the levels of serum sRANKL and intracellular NF-κB levels in peripheral blood osteoclast precursor cells in patients with stage 3 CKD. Materials and methods: Forty-one male patients aged 35–60 with CKD identified as stage 3 according to GFR calculated on the basis of creatinine values and 27 healthy male subjects with age ranging from 40 to 60 as control group were included in this study. Levels of biochemical parameters, vitamin D3, parathyroid hormone, bone mineral density, sRANKL and NF-κB were determined by using photometric, electrochemiluminescence, HPLC, ELISA and flow cytometric methods in control and patient groups, respectively. Results: When stage 3 CKD patients were compared with controls, patients with stage 3 CKD had statistically significantly higher iPTH levels, but they had statistically significantly lower vitamin D3 levels. However, the other biochemical parameters, bone mineral density, sRANKL and NF-κB levels did not reveal any significance. Conclusion: In conclusion, vitamin D3 and iPTH levels seem to be important parameters for evaluating the early stages of ROD. The lack of statistically significant differences in the levels of sRANKL and NF-κB suggests that these parameters are not sufficient in the evaluation of bone metabolism in the early stages of renal failure.