Occurrence and distribution of plankton-associated and free-living toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in a tropical estuary of a cholera endemic zone
Wetlands Ecology and Management, ISSN: 0923-4861, Vol: 20, Issue: 3, Page: 271-285
2012
- 33Citations
- 54Captures
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Article Description
Cholera epidemics are thought to be influenced by changes in populations of estuarine Vibrio cholerae. We investigated the abundance and distribution of this bacterium, as "free-living" (<20 μm fraction) and associated with microphytoplankton (>20 μm) or zooplankton (>60 μm), in the Karnaphuli estuary of Bangladesh during pre- and post-monsoon seasons. Cultivable Vibrio populations were ~10 -10 colony forming units (CFU) ml in the high saline zone (19-23 practical salinity unit, PSU) and declined in freshwater (<10 CFU ml ). Culture independent detection of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups revealed a higher abundance of "free-living" (10 -10 cells l ) than those attached to plankton (10 -10 cells l ). However, "free-living" O1 and O139 cells were sometimes absent in the medium saline and freshwater areas (0. 0-11 practical salinity unit [PSU]). In contrast, plankton samples always harbored these serogroups despite changes in salinity and other physico-chemical properties. Microphytoplankton and zooplankton were dominated by diatoms and blue-green algae, and copepods and rotifers, respectively. Toxigenic V. cholerae abundance did not correlate with plankton abundance or species but had a positive correlation with chitin in the <20 μm fraction, where suspended particulate matter (SPM), V. cholerae and chitin concentrations were highest. C:N ratios indicated that organic matter in SPM originated predominantly from plankton. The differential occurrence of "free-living" and attached V. cholerae suggests a pivotal function of plankton in V. cholerae spreading into freshwater areas. The probable association of this pathogen with organisms and particles in the nanoplankton (<20 μm) fraction requires validation of the concept of the "free living" state of V. cholerae in aquatic habitats. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84864111892&origin=inward; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5.pdf; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5/fulltext.html; http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; http://www.springerlink.com/index/pdf/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11273-012-9247-5; https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11273-012-9247-5
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