Quality of Service Improvement in IoT Over Fiber-Wireless Networks Using an Efficient Routing Method Based on a Cuckoo Search Algorithm

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a technology that enables information transmission and worldwide connectivity among devices. Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) network blends the high bandwidth capability of an optical access network with the simplicity of a wireless access network, making it a promising network structure for 5G communication's "lastmile" access. The evolution of the FiWi access network must be geared toward technical breakthroughs in daily traffic and evolving IoT traffic. The current investigation concentrates on the routing issue in IoT over the FiWi network. One of the main issues of newly generated networks is reducing efficiency and improving the quality of the requested services. If some network users are rapidly uploading data to the network, the buffer of the middle nodes of the network is filled very soon. The packet loss, reduced throughput, and delays result in lower service quality; therefore, the service quality needs to be controlled. Therefore, one of the commonly discussed issues in this type of network is the design of the efficient routing technique. In existing methods, control and management of the routing of these substrate types are often not considered in increasing the service quality in these types of networks. Due to this issue's NP-hard nature, in this paper, a hierarchical routing technique based on decision-making has been presented and evaluated using a cuckoo search algorithm. With the help of this algorithm, an update is improved, the best paths are found. As a result, this improvement will increase IoT efficiency over FiWi networks and provide a high quality of service. The simulation results on the OPNET software indicated that the proposed method improves packet loss and delay.