Long-term Effect of Ileal Transposition on Adipokine Serum Level in Zucker (Orl)-Lepr Fatty Rats

Background: Ileal transposition surgery is an increasingly used procedure in combination with sleeve gastrectomy to control obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A short-term effect on glycemia amelioration after the ileal transposition (IT) procedure is observed; however, it appears that the effect is time dependent, and it remains uncertain if this effect is also linked with an adipose tissue hormonal activity. Methods: Twenty male Zucker rats underwent IT or sham surgery. Six months after surgery, serum levels of adiponectin, vaspin, resistin, chemerin RBP4 were analyzed using ELISA kits. Tissue concentrations of glycogen sythase kinase alfa (GSK-3α), glucose 6-phosphatase (G6PC), glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM), and phosphofructokinase (PFK) in muscle and GLUT4 in visceral fat, white adipose tissue, and muscle were assessed in duplicate by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Additionally, the transposed ileum and analogical ileal segment of sham-operated rats were processed for histomorphometry analysis. Results: The animals which underwent IT showed significantly a higher adiponectin and vaspin serum level. Concentrations of resistin decreased after IT surgery but were not significantly different between the groups. The plasma level of chemerin decreased significantly after IT and correlated negatively with adiponectin serum level in the IT group. The effects of IT on RBP4 serum level appeared to be significantly lower than those in the sham group and correlated with GLUT4 concentration in IT white adipose tissue negatively, but positively with the sham group. Conclusions: The data suggest that ileum transposition leads to a stimulatory effect on important adipokines involved in glucose metabolism. The adipokine serum level could be a useful biomarker of postoperative physiological state.