Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and ethnopharmacology of Colebrookea oppositifolia Smith: a mini-review

Abstract: This review was focused to collect and exemplify the data on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological outline of C. oppositifolia, and thereby recognize the current obscurities and highlight the scope and opportunities for future research on the plant. A thorough literature search was performed on C. oppositifolia in the online databases such as Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Science direct, Scifinder, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google scholar, and Elsevier. C. oppositifolia belongs to family Lamiaceae, was widely used in the traditional system of medicine for treating various human ailments. Further, phytochemicals such as acteoside, chrysin, negletein, ladanein, betulonic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid, quercetin, anisofolin A, apigetrin, forsythoside A, β-sitosterol, ferulic acid, and its derivatives were isolated from various parts of C. oppositifolia. Additionally, the plant has been scientifically validated to possess antifertility, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-convulsant, and antihypertensive activities in various experimental models. With the available literature we can conclude that despite of enormous traditional uses, the C. oppositifolia has not been explored for its beneficial effects on cataract, rheumatism, joint pain, bleeding disorders, and dysentery. Also, there is a need for clinical studies to explore the efficacy, safety, and toxicity in humans. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]