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Simulation research on time resolution based on Cherenkov radiation

Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, ISSN: 2509-9949, Vol: 5, Issue: 3, Page: 421-429
2021
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Purpose: A faster time performance can be achieved by focusing on prompt emitted photons, such as Cherenkov photons. In this study, the time fluctuations of Cherenkov photons transmission in the three Cherenkov radiators were first simulated, and we evaluated the detector performance and discussed ways to improve the coincidence time resolution (CTR) results for the detector with the three radiators. Finally, we compared detection efficiency of Cherenkov radiation in three radiators. Methods: In this work, we recorded the step-by-step information of Cherenkov photons and the electrons that produced them in the radiator, information of photons on the photon outputting surface, and the step-by-step information tracing of the parent charged particles (electrons) to evaluate the factors influencing the performance time of the detector based on Geant4. Specially, we usually use a photon amplitude timing in the experimental implements, and the arrival time of an event is defined as the arrival time of the first photon of the event accordingly. Results : The time fluctuations of Cherenkov photons transmission in the three Cherenkov radiators with a 5 mm length were simulated as 28.5 ps for PbF, 40.1 ps for PbWO, and 24.7 ps for AlO. After considering other factors such as quantum efficiency (QE) of 30% and transit time spread (TTS) of 10 ps from the process of practical electronics, the CTR of a pair of single-pixel detectors were 56.6 ps for PbF, 78.8 ps for PbWO, and 46.3 ps for AlO with a thickness of 5 mm. The detection efficiency of PbF is 32.25%, PbWO of 31.91% and AlO of 8.14% in the case of 5 mm length. Conclusions: The simulation results indicated that using the Cherenkov photons produced in PbF, PbWO, AlO for detector timing can obtain good CTR results. In this study, it demonstrates that it is possible to achieve a pretty good CTR with an improved QE and a reduced TTS of the photodetector.

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