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Studies on the cyanamide-ethanol interaction

Biochemical Pharmacology, ISSN: 0006-2952, Vol: 31, Issue: 11, Page: 1999-2004
1982
  • 35
    Citations
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    Usage
  • 2
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Metrics Details

  • Citations
    35
    • Citation Indexes
      35
  • Captures
    2

Article Description

Administration of dimethylcyanamide (DMC) to rats caused a marked elevation in ethanol-derived blood acetaldehyde (AcH) and depressed the specific activity of the low K m mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (AlDH) by 90% at 12–24 hr, coincident with depletion of hepatic glutathione levels. Comparison of the relative efficacy of DMC and cyanamide in elevating blood AcH measured at 2hr and 1 hr post-drug treatment, respectively, indicated that DMC was at least one-fifth as active as cyanamide. However, since the comparison was not made at optimal times for DMC (12–24 hr), it is likely that its activity in vivo approaches that of cyanamide itself. DMC was essentially inactive in vitro as an inhibitor of the low K m AlDH isozyme in intact rat liver mitochondria. Although methylcyanamide, the product of N -demethylation of DMC, was too unstable to be prepared for this evaluation, the higher monoalkyl cyanamide, n -propylcyanamide, was synthesized chemically and was shown to be a good inhibitor of the mitochondrial enzyme in vitro. These results suggest that DMC must be N -demethylated before being converted to a reactive species that inhibits AlDH activity.

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