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Screening strategies for drug discovery-focus on ocular hypertension

Handbook of Basic and Clinical Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Page: 91-117
2022
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Book Chapter Description

The vast number of eye diseases has necessitated a rigorous and concerted effort worldwide to find suitable drugs and other treatment modalities for these disorders. This has not been an easy task and required much research into the etiology of the ocular diseases, defining the targets for therapeutic intervention and then screening natural products or synthetic entities (small molecules or peptides, or antibodies) for affinity, potency, and selectivity for the desired target protein. In most cases, a testing funnel with defined acceptance criteria at each stage of screening using in vitro assays to help make Go/No-Go decisions is established and validated. Only agents that meet the prespecified criteria enter the next phase of testing, secondary assays followed by in vivo safety and efficacy studies. Such screening strategies eventually yield the lead compound which, after meeting investigational new drug-enabling criteria and specifications, subsequently enters clinical trials in human subjects.

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