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Plant-pathogen interaction: Mechanisms and evolution

Trends of Applied Microbiology for Sustainable Economy, Page: 655-687
2022
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Book Chapter Description

Throughout history, plants have coevolved symbiotically with various types of microbial consortiums, which has given tremendous support to plants for their terrestrialization. Basically, organisms interact with each other in an ecosystem for their survival, which can be beneficial or harmful. These relationships are more likely for their energy requirements in the process of food production for cellular respiration. Virulence is the ability of a microorganism to cause disease in a plant, eventually called plant pathogen, and its opposite nature is called avirulence. Host resistance or susceptibility is a predetermining characteristic in crop production systems. Plant pathogens use diverse life strategies for their invading process into plant cells such as necrotrophic, biotrophic, and hemibiotrophic lifestyles. Mutations, sexual recombination, lateral gene transfer, whole genome exchange, and chromosomal instability are some of the factors involved in the evolution of plant-pathogen interactions. Current knowledge about plant-pathogen interactions and stress induced on plant growth and development is a limiting factor. Raising understanding of the sensors and signaling pathways involved in the battle among plants and pathogens through various “omics” technologies is important to reduce the time required to develop new strategies to improve plant health. This chapter will discuss different prospectives of plant-pathogen interactions, their mechanisms, and evolutionary adaptations.

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