Challenges of vaccines for aquaculture

Thirty percent of the world's food is produced by the fast-growing seafood-producing industry. Aquaculture has experienced a tremendous economic revolution, but the achievement has declined due to infectious diseases (i.e., bacteria, viruses, and parasites) that decrease production. The development of vaccines in aquaculture provides a strategy for controlling and avoiding disease outbreaks. Vaccination is safe and effective without affecting the environment. Among the various types of vaccinations, the injection method is more effective. This chapter gives some details about vaccines used in aquaculture that have been experimentally proved to control diseases as well as their clinical symptoms.