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Matrix metalloproteinases and uveal melanoma

Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases in Cancer, Page: 75-89
2025
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Book Chapter Description

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the malignant intraocular tumor characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes primarily in the choroid. Liver is the main anatomic location of the secondary tumor when metastasized. There is no standard therapy to manage the disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been extensively investigated due to their multifaceted role in numerous pathological conditions including cancer. MMP-2 has been proposed as a prognostic biomarker in UM pathology almost 25 years ago. Since then, other MMPs including MMP-1 and MMP-9 are gradually gaining significant attention in this regard. This chapter provides an up-to-date summary of the most advanced knowledge of molecular and genetic basis of UM, impact of altered MMP/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) interaction, and dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis in UM metastasis with a focus of potential use of a few MMP family members as prognostic biomarkers.

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