Controversias sobre los riesgos procarcinogénicos asociados al uso de lámparas ultravioleta polimerizadoras para el esmaltado permanente de uñas
Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas, ISSN: 0001-7310, Vol: 115, Issue: 6, Page: 533-538
2024
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Article Description
Recientemente ha surgido una polémica por el potencial procarcinogénico de la exposición a lámparas de rayos UVA necesarias para el esmaltado permanente de uñas. La entrada de nuevos dispositivos de polimerización a base de ledes y su potencial efecto biológico no ha sido analizado aún. Evaluar la potencia de emisión y su potencial de acción para efectos biológicos en la piel en 2 tipos de lámparas polimerizadoras UV ledes y fluorescentes en condiciones de uso habitual comparado con dosis de exposición solar. Se analizó el espectro de emisión (290-450 nm) de lámparas polimerizadoras y del sol al mediodía en un día medio de verano en latitudes medias de España. Se caracterizó además la irradiancia biológica efectiva potencial de generación de eritema, cáncer de piel no melanoma, daño al ADN, fotoinmunosupresión y pigmentación permanente. La irradiancia UVA-visible de alta energía emitida por los dispositivos fue similar a la emitida por el sol en esa franja espectral, y las dosis biológicas efectivas fueron menores o similares al sol. La dosis UV y visible de alta energía total por sesión de manicura correspondió a la obtenida entre 3,5-6 min al sol al mediodía en verano en nuestras latitudes. Los tiempos de exposición y las dosis recibidas en la práctica habitual del secado de uñas por lámparas artificiales corresponden a exposiciones solares de 3-5 minutos en las horas centrales del día. Esto representa un potencial carcinogénico muy bajo comparado con la exposición solar, aunque similar en potencial inmunosupresor. Medidas de fotoprotección minimizarían aún más los riesgos potenciales. Controversy has recently broken out over the potential carcinogenic risk associated with exposure to UV lamps for permanent nail polish. The new LED-based polymerization devices, and their potential biological effect has not been analyzed to this date. To evaluate the emission power and its potential biological effects on the skin of 2 types of UV LED and fluorescent curing lamps under normal use conditions compared to doses of sunlight exposure. The emission spectrum (290 nm to 450 nm) of curing lamps and the Sun at noon on an average summer day in mid-latitude Spain was analyzed. The effective biological irradiance potential for erythema, non-melanoma skin cancer, DNA damage, photoimmunosuppression and permanent pigmentation was also characterized. The high-energy UVA-visible irradiance emitted by these devices was similar to the one coming from the Sun in that spectral range while the effective biological doses were lower or similar to those also coming from the Sun. The total UV and high-energy visible dose per manicure session corresponded to that obtained from 3.5 min to 6 min exposures to the Sun at noon in the summer days at our latitudes. The exposure times and doses received with the common use of artificial lamp nail drying correspond to sunlight exposures of 3 min to 5 min in the central hours of the day. This represents a very low carcinogenic potential compared to sunlight exposure, although similar regarding immunosuppressive potential. Photoprotective measures would further minimize the risks.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001731024000577; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2023.12.003; http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85188573416&origin=inward; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38309528; https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0001731024000577; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2023.12.003
Elsevier BV
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