Multi-objective optimization of a compact wideband antenna using grey relational analysis

In this article, a wide bandwidth along with compactness is achieved using a multi-objective optimization technique in a simple X-band antenna structure. The grey relational analysis is used to predict S11, bandwidth and gain for specific combinations of corner-cut length ( lc ), slot length ( ls ), and slot width ( wst ) of the proposed antenna. The effect of corner-cut length, slot length, and slot width on S11, −10 dB bandwidth, and antenna gain is also analyzed. This paper discusses a slotted patch antenna that can cover the X-band frequency range. The modifications involve adding four corner-cut and a parallelogram-shaped slot to the rectangular patch along with a tapered feedline, resulting in a wide bandwidth of 1.55 GHz (9.7 GHz to 11.25 GHz). The proposed compact antenna (23 mm × 32 mm × 1.575 mm) has a peak gain of 8.8 dBi at 10 GHz and can be used in radar communication. An equivalent circuit analysis is done and S11 of the circuit is matched with simulated and measured results. It is appropriate for use as a unit element in an antenna array due to its clear and straightforward design.