Prédisposition héréditaire aux tumeurs des systèmes nerveux central et périphérique
Annales de Pathologie, ISSN: 0242-6498, Vol: 40, Issue: 2, Page: 168-179
2020
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Example: if you select the 1-year option for an article published in 2019 and a metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019. If you select the 3-year option for the same article published in 2019 and the metric category shows 90%, that means that the article or review is performing better than 90% of the other articles/reviews published in that journal in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
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Article Description
Certaines tumeurs du système nerveux central et périphérique peuvent être associées à un syndrome de prédisposition au cancer, qui peut être héréditaire ou survenir de novo. Ces tumeurs sont souvent multiples et d’apparition précoce. Les patients atteints d’une neurofibromatose de type 1 développent des neurofibromes multiples, notamment plexiformes (avec un risque de transformation en tumeur maligne des gaines nerveuses périphériques), et des astrocytomes pilocytiques des voies optiques. La neurofibromatose de type 2 se caractérise par l’apparition de schwannomes multiples (tout particulièrement vestibulaires bilatéraux), de méningiomes et d’épendymomes. Le syndrome de Li-Fraumeni, lié à une mutation germinale du gène TP53, est associé à la survenue de tumeurs des plexus choroïdes (carcinomes), de médulloblastomes et d’astrocytomes diffus. Les hémangioblastomes multiples sont caractéristiques du syndrome de von Hippel-Lindau et les astrocytomes sous-épendymaires à cellules géantes sont pathognomoniques de la sclérose tubéreuse de Bourneville. Les gangliocytomes cérébelleux dysplasiques de l’adulte surviennent dans le cadre d’un syndrome de Cowden. Le syndrome de Turcot comprend, entre autres, le syndrome de déficience constitutionnelle en protéines de réparation de l’ADN qui est associé à des glioblastomes à cellules géantes. Le syndrome de prédisposition aux tumeurs rhabdoïdes (mutation du gène SMARCB1/INI1 ) est associé aux tumeurs tératoïdes rhabdoïdes atypiques. Les tumeurs des syndromes de prédisposition au cancer se développent selon des voies d’oncogenèse spécifiques et peuvent présenter des particularités histopathologiques et immunohistochimiques permettant au pathologiste de suspecter de tels syndromes familiaux. L’identification d’un syndrome de prédisposition au cancer a des implications majeures pour le patient et sa famille (suivi, dépistage, conseil génétique). Some tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system may be associated with a cancer predisposition syndrome, either hereditary or occurring de novo. Such a syndrome is usually associated with multiple tumors occurring early in life. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 present with multiple neurofibromas, especially of the plexiform type (which may transform into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor), and pilocytic astrocytomas of the optic pathways. Neurofibromatosis type 2 patients present with multiple schwannomas (typically bilateral vestibular schwannomas), meningiomas, and ependymomas. Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53 mutation) is associated with choroid plexus tumors (carcinomas), medulloblastomas, and diffuse astrocytomas. Multiple hemangioblastomas are characteristic of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome while subependymal giant cell astrocytomas are pathognomonic of tuberous sclerosis complex. Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytomas of adult patients occur in Cowden syndrome. Turcot syndrome overlaps with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD), which is associated with giant cell glioblastomas. Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome (germline mutation of SMARCB1/INI1) is associated with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. Tumors arising in the setting of a cancer predisposition syndrome develop along specific genetic pathways. Some histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of these tumors may point toward such a syndrome. The diagnosis of a cancer predisposition syndrome is of tremendous importance to the patients and their families who require genetic counseling and long-term follow-up.
Bibliographic Details
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0242649820300559; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annpat.2020.02.019; http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85081924091&origin=inward; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32192808; https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0242649820300559; https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annpat.2020.02.019
Elsevier BV
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