Research on the thermal management performance of battery module with heat pipe in the full-scenarios and multiple dimensions

To solve the continuous high temperature, and local overheating and further improve the temperature uniformity of battery, in common application scenarios, a novel closed-loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) is designed, which uses titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) metal oxide nanofluids as a working fluid to significantly improve heat transfer performance. And thermal management system (TMS) is proposed by examining the characteristics of the pulsating heat pipe’s heat transfer and the large-surface cooling of the aluminum soaking plate. On this basis, the thermal management performance in full-scenarios and multi-dimensions is tested. The performance response characteristics and the thermal–electrical performance changes and interaction relationships of the battery module are quantified and revealed. It can be concluded from the relevant experimental results that from the thermal performance, CLPHP with forced air has the strongest emergency thermal management ability, and the maximum temperature suppression rate exceeds 30 %, even at the end of constant power discharge, it can keep the temperature difference less than 4.3 ℃. CLPHP with forced air meets the dual requirements of maximum temperature and temperature uniformity of the battery module. From the thermal performance, at the end of constant current discharge, the voltage drop corresponding to CLPHP with forced air cooling is the largest, and the voltage drop can reach 0.55 V and 0.50 V at different discharge rates. However, at the end of constant power discharge, a difference exists amongst the systems, the battery voltage corresponding to forced air and natural air changes sharply. The above results prove that CLPHP with forced air can improve the thermal performance of the battery module and optimize its electrical performance.