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PNPLA-mediated lipid hydrolysis and transacylation – At the intersection of catabolism and anabolism

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, ISSN: 1388-1981, Vol: 1869, Issue: 2, Page: 159410
2024
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Article Description

Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing proteins (PNPLAs) play diverse roles in lipid metabolism. In this review, we focus on the enzymatic properties and predicted 3D structures of PNPLA1-5. PNPLA2-4 exert both catabolic and anabolic functions. Whereas PNPLA1 is predominantly expressed in the epidermis and involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis, PNPLA2 and 4 are ubiquitously expressed and exhibit several enzymatic activities, including hydrolysis and transacylation of various (glycero-)lipid species. This review summarizes known biological roles for PNPLA-mediated hydrolysis and transacylation reactions and highlights open questions concerning their physiological function.

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