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Surface oxidation in a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe 3-x GeTe 2

Current Applied Physics, ISSN: 1567-1739, Vol: 30, Page: 40-45
2021
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We investigate the surface oxidation in a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe 3-x GeTe 2, a material widely utilized for spintronic applications. While known for its relative air-insensitivity, exposure to air during the handling process (e.g. device or heterostructure fabrication) can lead to reduction or disappearance of its magnetic signal. Comparison of x-ray absorption and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra between pristine and air-exposed Fe 3-x GeTe 2 confirm a naturally oxidized surface layer on the material. The surface oxide layer has predominantly Fe 3+ content. X-ray absorption spectroscopy done on micron-sized exfoliated Fe 3-x GeTe 2 flakes reveal that the change in the surface chemical properties can be quite significant for thin flakes. The surface modulation of Fe 3-x GeTe 2 can lead to inaccuracies in characterizing its interfacial magnetic and spin transport properties, and complicate device and heterostructure fabrication processes.

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