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The effect of electrolyte additives on the rate performance of hard carbon anode at low temperature for lithium-ion capacitor

Chinese Chemical Letters, ISSN: 1001-8417, Vol: 33, Issue: 8, Page: 3889-3893
2022
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Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC), which combines the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC), has a rapid development during last decade, however, the poor low temperature performance still limits its application. In this paper, three electrolyte additives including vinylene carbonate (VC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD) have been utilized and their effects on the rate performance of hard carbon (HC) anode of LIC at various temperatures ranging from 25 °C to −40 °C have been well evaluated. The cell containing FEC shows the best rate performance at various temperatures and has the charge and discharge capability even at −40 °C. For HC anode, the charge transfer impedance ( R CT ) increases exponentially at low temperature, while the equivalent series resistance ( R s) and the impedance of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) increase relatively few. At low temperatures, the effect of FEC may be mainly reflected in its effect on the charge transfer process.

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