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Ceramide Is Metabolized to Acylceramide and Stored in Lipid Droplets

Cell Metabolism, ISSN: 1550-4131, Vol: 25, Issue: 3, Page: 686-697
2017
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Discovery of a new metabolic pathway of a known lipid has implications in cancer, obesity

A collaborative Stony Brook University research team has discovered a novel metabolic pathway of the lipid ceramide, which is involved in cell death. The finding

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In an approach aimed at defining interacting partners of ceramide synthases (CerSs), we found that fatty acyl-CoA synthase ACSL5 interacts with all CerSs. We demonstrate that ACSL5-generated FA-CoA was utilized with de novo ceramide for the generation of acylceramides, poorly studied ceramide metabolites. Functionally, inhibition of ceramide channeling to acylceramide enhanced accumulation of de novo ceramide and resulted in augmentation of ceramide-mediated apoptosis. Mechanistically, we show that acylceramide generation is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) on lipid droplets. In summary, this study identifies a metabolic pathway of acylceramide generation and its sequestration in LDs in cells and in livers of mice on a high-fat diet. The study also implicates this pathway in ceramide-mediated apoptosis, and has implications in co-regulation of triglyceride and sphingolipid metabolisms.

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