The myristoylation site of meiotic lamin C2 promotes local nuclear membrane growth and the formation of intranuclear membranes in somatic cultured cells

Lamin C2 is a splice product of the mammalian lamin A gene and expressed in primary spermatocytes where it is distributed in the form of discontinuous plaques at the nuclear envelope. We have previously shown that the aminoterminal hexapetide GNAEGR of lamin C2 following the start methionine is essential for its association with the nuclear envelope and that the aminoterminal glycine of the hexapeptide is myristoylated. Here we have analyzed the ultrastructural changes induced in COS-7 and Xenopus A6 cells by overexpressing rat lamin C2 or a human lamin C mutant possessing the lamin C2-specific hexapeptide at its aminoterminus. Both lamins were targeted to the nuclear envelope of mammalian and amphibian cells and induced the formation of intranuclear membranes, whereas wild-type human lamin C and a lamin C2 mutant, that both lack this lipid moiety, did not. Our data indicate that the myristoyl group of lamin C2 has besides its demonstrated role in nuclear envelope association additional functions during spermatogenesis. Our present study complements previously published results where we have shown that the CxxM motif of lamins promotes nuclear membrane growth (Prüfert et al., 2004. J. Cell Sci. 117, 6105–6116).